pp. 1-228 (April 2023)
pp. 1-200 (March 2023)
pp. 1-138 (February 2023)
pp. 1-144 (January 2023)
pp. 1-108 (December 2022)
pp. 1-106 (November 2022)
pp. 1-122 (October 2022)
pp. 1-124 (September 2022)
pp. 1-102 (August 2022)
pp. 1-112 (July 2022)
pp. 1-138 (June 2022)
pp. 1-186 (May 2022)
pp. 1-124 (April 2022)
pp. 1-104 (March 2022)
pp. 1-120 (February 2022)
pp. 1-124 (January 2022)
pp. 1-214 (June 2021)
pp. 1-90 (December 2021)
pp. 1-222 (April 2021)
pp. 1-324 (October 2021)
pp. 1-200 (February 2021)
pp. 1-222 (August 2021)
pp. 1-208 (December 2020)
pp. 1-112 (October 2020)
pp. 1-210 (August 2020)
pp. 1-204 (June 2020)
pp. 1-218 (April 2020)
pp. 1-182 (February 2020)
pp. 1-104 (December 2019)
pp. 1-116 (October 2019)
pp. 1-130 (August 2019)
pp. 1-224 (June 2019)
pp. 1-226 (April 2019)
pp. 1-216 (February 2019)
pp. 1-132 (December 2018)
pp. 1-182 (October 2018)
pp. 1-116 (August 2018)
pp. 1-228 (June 2018)
pp. 1-154 (April 2018)
pp. 1-198 (February 2018)
pp. 1-118 (December 2017)
pp. 1-162 (October 2017)
pp. 1-138 (August 2017)
pp. 1-190 (June 2017)
pp. 1-220 (April 2017)
pp. 1-164 (February 2017)
pp. 1-176 (December 2016)
pp. 1-138 (October 2016)
pp. 1-144 (August 2016)
pp. 1-122 (June 2016)
pp. 1-166 (April 2016)
pp. 1-222 (February 2016)
pp. 1-118 (December 2015)
pp. 1-194 (October 2015)
pp. 1-212 (August 2015)
pp. 1-150 (June 2015)
pp. 1-184 (April 2015)
pp. 1-200 (February 2015)
pp. 1-172 (December 2014)
pp. 1-230 (October 2014)
pp. 1-178 (August 2014)
pp. 1-138 (June 2014)
pp. 1-150 (April 2014)
pp. 1-122 (February 2014)
pp. 619-792 (December 2013)
pp. 475-618 (October 2013)
pp. 359-474 (August 2013)
pp. 249-358 (June 2013)
pp. 119-248 (April 2013)
pp. 1-118 (February 2013)
pp. 649-788 (December 2012)
pp. 523-647 (October 2012)
pp. 397-522 (August 2012)
pp. 255-396 (June 2012)
pp. 145-253 (April 2012)
pp. 1-143 (February 2012)
pp. 545-662 (December 2011)
pp. 451-544 (October 2011)
pp. 319-450 (August 2011)
pp. 193-317 (June 2011)
pp. 101-191 (April 2011)
pp. 1-99 (February 2011)
pp. 491-644 (December 2010)
pp. 399-489 (October 2010)
pp. 301-397 (August 2010)
pp. 187-299 (June 2010)
pp. 81-185 (April 2010)
pp. 1-80 (February 2010)
pp. 421-512 (December 2009)
pp. 337-419 (October 2009)
pp. 231-335 (August 2009)
pp. 161-229 (June 2009)
pp. 93-160 (April 2009)
pp. 1-91 (February 2009)
pp. 389-583 (December 2008)
pp. 289-388 (October 2008)
pp. 225-288 (August 2008)
pp. 131-222 (June 2008)
pp. 59-129 (April 2008)
pp. 1-58 (February 2008)
pp. 363-428 (December 2007)
pp. 305-361 (October 2007)
pp. 247-304 (August 2007)
pp. 193-246 (June 2007)
pp. 1-191 (April 2007)
pp. 259-361 (December 2006)
pp. 211-258 (October 2006)
pp. 103-210 (July 2006)
pp. 47-102 (April 2006)
pp. 1-46 (February 2006)
pp. 289-404 (December 2005)
pp. 243-288 (October 2005)
pp. 197-242 (August 2005)
pp. 151-196 (June 2005)
pp. 1-150 (April 2005)
pp. 235-280 (December 2004)
pp. 189-234 (October 2004)
pp. 139-188 (August 2004)
pp. 93-138 (June 2004)
pp. 47-92 (April 2004)
pp. 1-46 (February 2004)
pp. 231-276 (December 2003)
pp. 185-230 (October 2003)
pp. 139-183 (September 2003)
pp. 93-138 (July 2003)
pp. 47-92 (June 2003)
pp. 1-46 (April 2003)
Partic. vol. 64 pp. 98-109 (May 2022) doi: 10.1016/j.partic.2021.09.002
Formation of biomimetic hierarchical nanostructure in homopolymers and block copolymer ternary blend particles
Shu Kikuchia, Ryoka Shojia, Shinji Kanehashia,b, Guanghui Maa,b,c, Kenji Oginoa,b,*
Highlights
Abstract
In order to mimic hierarchical nanostructures in nature, particles of polymer blends consisting of poly(4-butyltriphenylamine) (PBTPA), poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and PBTPA-block-PMMA were fabricated by a solvent evaporation method. Effects of the molecular weight and the chemical composition of PBTPA-b-PMMA, molecular weights of homopolymers, and the composition of the blend on the morphology were investigated. The polymer blend particle consisting of PBTPA and PMMA homopolymers exhibited thermodynamically favored core-shell structure, in which more hydrophilic PMMA-shell surrounded PBTPA-core. The addition of 10 wt% of PBTPA-b-PMMA caused the morphological transition from core-shell to Janus or inversed core-shell, in which PBTPA-shell surrounded PMMA-core, depending on the molecular weight of PBTPA segment in PBTPA-b-PMMA. When the molecular weight of PMMA segment was higher than that of PMMA homopolymer, watermelon-like particles in which small PBTPA domain less than 80 nm dispersed in the PMMA domain surrounded by PBTPA shell were observed. As the ratio of PBTPA-b-PMMA increased, the interface of the macrophase separation became obscure. At 50 wt% of the PBTPA-b-PMMA, only microphase separation was observed. The measurement of interfacial tension by pendant drop method demonstrated that PBTPA-b-PMMA lower the interfacial tension between PBTPA and the aqueous phase to the value similar to that of PMMA with the aqueous phase.
Graphical abstract
Keywords
Microsphere; Hierarchical structure; Polymer blend; Block copolymer; Solvent evaporation; Phase separation